Math Photo: Spiky Symmetry

These cacti caught my. I can see both a dodecagon and a star in the 12-fold symmetry of the cactus in front. And to my surprise, the cactus behind it has thirteen sections!

I wonder about the range, and deviation, of the number of sections of these cacti. And what are the biological principles that govern these mathematical characteristics?

Ceilings of Curvature

On a visit to the Lowline, I noticed an interesting application of mathematics above us.

The ceiling is a tiling of hexagons and equilateral triangles.  But unlike a typical tiling of a flat bathroom floor, this tiling seems to create a curved surface!  Here’s a closer look:

The underlying pattern is hexagonal, but when a hexagon is replaced with six small, hinged equilateral triangles, the surface gains the potential to curve.

It’s interesting to follow the “straight” line paths as they curve over the surface.  And since this tiling is suspended from above, it’s interesting to think about what the surface would look like if it were lying on the ground.  How “flat” would it be?  Or a better question might be “How far from flat is it?”

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